The need for energy, chemicals, food, and other vital survival necessities rises as the world's
population is growing quickly. The production of waste materials has become a critical …

Diverse biomass sources are used in advanced processes called biorefineries to create
biofuels, high-value products and for industrial effluents treatment. Making a workable model …

Abstract In this study, Cobalt Oxide (Co₃O₄) cube-doped polyaniline (PANI) composites
were successfully synthesized through an in-situ oxidative polymerization process, with the …

Environmental contamination, primarily driven by human activities such as industrialization,
urbanization, and agricultural practices, has led to the accumulation of heavy metals …

In the agricultural sector, a class of chemical compounds known as chlorinated phenol and
phenoxyacetic acid are employed as herbicides, wood preservatives, and pesticides …

The problem of unmanaged waste amount and the still high dependence on synthetic
fertilizers can be overcome with the conversion of organic waste into organic liquid fertilizer …

Due to the expansion of industrial activities, the concentration of dyes in water has been
increasing. The dire need to remove these pollutants from water has been heavily …

Industrial effluents contain poisonous and resistant pollutants, thereby posing major
environmental risk to public health. Given the fact that the conventional treatment …

Dye decolorization through biological treatment techniques has been gaining momentum as
it is based on suspended and attached growth biomass in both batch and continuous …

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) has a high concentration of organic matter and total suspended
solids. However, improper disposal of oil refining wastes containing oils, fats, and sludge …