The land surface models that provide surface fluxes of energy and mass to the atmosphere
in weather forecast and climate models typically represent plant canopies as a homogenous …

Core Ideas Land surface models (LSMs) show a large variety in describing and upscaling
infiltration. Soil structural effects on infiltration in LSMs are mostly neglected. New soil …

Climate models have evolved into Earth system models with representation of the physics,
chemistry, and biology of terrestrial ecosystems. This companion book to Gordon Bonan's …

Several lines of evidence point to an increase in the activity of the terrestrial biosphere over
recent decades, impacting the global net land carbon sink (NLS) and its control on the …

The importance of phosphorus (P) in regulating ecosystem responses to climate change has
fostered P-cycle implementation in land surface models, but their CO2 effects predictions …

Twenty-seven models participated in the Earth System Model–Snow Model Intercomparison
Project (ESM-SnowMIP), the most data-rich MIP dedicated to snow modeling. Our findings …

Land surface models (LSMs) must accurately simulate observed energy and water fluxes
during droughts in order to provide reliable estimates of future water resources. We …

The continental tropics play a leading role in the terrestrial energy, water, and carbon cycles.
Land–atmosphere interactions are integral in the regulation of these fluxes across multiple …

Global climate models play an important role in quantifying past and projecting future
changes in drought. Previous studies have pointed to shortcomings in these models for …

Land use and climate changes both affect terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we used three
combinations of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and Representative Concentration …