Using various methods, the size of the shadow economy in 76 develo**, transition, and
OECD countries is estimated. Average size varies from 12 percent of GDP for OECD …

Illicit work, social security fraud, economic crime and other shadow economy activities are
fast becoming an international problem. This second edition uses new data to reassess …

This paper presents estimates of the shadow economy for 110 countries, including
develo**, transition and developed OECD economies. The average size of the shadow …

This paper is a first attempt to study the impact of enforcement on the shadow economy.
Using a MIMIC model, we find that a higher share of sub-national government employment …

From a theoretical point of view, the relationship between corruption and the shadow
economy is ambiguous: They can either be substitutes or complements. This paper …

Public finance solutions to the European unemployment problem? Develo** countries
may hold as much as 25-30% of the 1.3trillionOECDcurrencysupply.AlthoughdollarholdingsappeartoexceedDM …

In recent times not only have traditional areas of public economics such as taxation, public
expenditure, public sector pricing, benefit cost analysis, and fiscal federalism thrown up new …

The latest empirical results of the size of the shadow economy in 18 OECD countries are
presented, using the currency demand approach to calculate the shadow economy over …

The relationship between corruption and the shadow economy is not clear. Theoretically,
they either substitute or complement each other-exhibiting either a negative or positive …

Crime and shadow economic activities are a fact of life around the world, and almost all
societies engage in trying to control these activities through education, punishment, or …