[HTML][HTML] The scope for improving the efficiency and environmental impact of internal combustion engines

F Leach, G Kalghatgi, R Stone, P Miles - Transportation Engineering, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract Currently 99.8% of global transport is powered by internal combustion engines
(ICEs) and 95% of transport energy comes from liquid fuels made from petroleum. Many …

A review and perspective on particulate matter indices linking fuel composition to particulate emissions from gasoline engines

F Leach, E Chapman, JJ Jetter, L Rubino… - … International Journal of …, 2022 - JSTOR
Particulate matter (PM) indices—those linking PM emissions from gasoline engines to the
composition and properties of the fuel—have been a topic of significant study over the last …

[HTML][HTML] Uncertainty of laboratory and portable solid particle number systems for regulatory measurements of vehicle emissions

B Giechaskiel, T Lähde, AD Melas, V Valverde… - Environmental …, 2021 - Elsevier
Abstract In the European Union's emissions regulations, limits for solid particles> 23 nm are
applicable for the type-approval and in use compliance of vehicles. Consequently, particle …

Impact of test cycle on mass, number and particle size distribution of particulates emitted from gasoline direct injection vehicles

Z Hu, Z Lu, B Song, Y Quan - Science of the Total Environment, 2021 - Elsevier
This paper presents an investigation of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI)
vehicles and analyzed the characteristics of emitted particulate matter (PM), the emission …

Assessment of exhaust raw emissions and aftertreatment performance in a retrofitted heavy duty-spark ignition engine operating with liquefied petroleum gas

V Bermúdez, S Ruiz, EJ Sanchis, B Conde - Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024 - Elsevier
This study investigates the effects of varying Liquefied Petroleum Gas compositions on
pollutant emissions and three-way catalyst performance in retrofitted heavy-duty spark …

Investigations on the impact of port water injection on soot formation in a DISI engine through CFD simulations and optical methods

J Zembi, M Battistoni, F Mariani, A Irimescu… - Fuel, 2023 - Elsevier
With the introduction of innovative solutions aimed at reducing environmental impact and
increasing internal combustion engine efficiency, water injection is considered an interesting …

Investigation of the combustion and particle emission characteristics of a GDI engine with a 50 MPa injection system

D Lou, T Wang, L Fang, P Tan, Z Hu, Y Zhang, Z Xu… - Fuel, 2022 - Elsevier
The effects of injection pressure and injection timing are investigated in a gasoline direct
injection engine with a 50 MPa injection system at part-load operating condition by …

Experimental investigation on particulate filters for heavy-duty natural gas engines: Potentialities toward EURO VII regulation

P Napolitano, D Di Maio, C Guido, EM Borla… - Journal of …, 2023 - Elsevier
The urgent need to meet the stringent regulation requirements on sub-23 nm particles
emissions is pushing the interest towards efficient strategies for their reduction, involving …

Experimental study on the application of bioethanol in dual-fuel intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) engine

Y Zhang, S Mi, W Zhao, Z Li, Z He, Y Qian, X Lu - Fuel, 2021 - Elsevier
Recently, the intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) combustion mode was proved to
be very efficient for the internal combustion engine. Bioethanol is one of the most available …

The effect of direct water injection on the combustion stability of a downsized boost engine under high compression ratios and load conditions

Z Liu, Z Zheng, Z Zhang, M Li - Fuel, 2022 - Elsevier
Studying the combustion stability of engines equipped with a direct water injection system,
especially under high compression ratios and load conditions, is important for realizing the …