Large herbivores play unique ecological roles and are disproportionately imperiled by
human activity. As many wild populations dwindle towards extinction, and as interest grows …

Understanding how drylands respond to ongoing environmental change is extremely
important for global sustainability. In this review, we discuss how biotic attributes, climate …

The global extent and distribution of forest trees is central to our understanding of the
terrestrial biosphere. We provide the first spatially continuous map of forest tree density at a …

Reports of positive or neutral effects of grazing on plant species richness have prompted
calls for livestock grazing to be used as a tool for managing land for conservation. Grazing …

Until recently in Earth history, very large herbivores (mammoths, ground sloths, diprotodons,
and many others) occurred in most of the World's terrestrial ecosystems, but the majority …

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is increasingly being chosen by researchers as a
framework for gaining scientific insights from the quantitative analyses of data. New ideas …

Woody encroachment is a widespread and acute phenomenon affecting grasslands and
savannas worldwide. We performed a meta‐analysis of 29 studies from 13 different …

Forests and grassy vegetation (savannas and grasslands) are alternative ecosystem states
in many tropical landscapes. Relative to forests the grassy ecosystems are poorly known …

Semi‐arid grasslands on the Mongolian Plateau are expected to experience high inputs of
anthropogenic reactive nitrogen in this century. It remains unclear, however, how soil …

Wild large herbivores are declining worldwide. Despite extensive use of exclosure
experiments to investigate herbivore impacts, there is little consensus on the effects of wild …