The progression of cancer involves a critical step in which malignant cells escape from
control by the immune system. Antineoplastic agents are particularly efficient when they …

Our understanding of how the microbiota affects the balance between response to and
failure of cancer treatment by modulating the tumour microenvironment and systemic …

Here, we summarize the current knowledge on eight promising drugs and natural
compounds that have been tested in the clinic: metformin, NAD+ precursors, glucagon-like …

Multiple clinical trials targeting the gut microbiome are being conducted to optimize
treatment outcomes for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). To improve the success of these …

Bile acids are steroids generated at the interface of host and intestinal microbiota. While
primary bile acids are generated in the liver from cholesterol metabolism, secondary bile …

The intestinal microbiota determines immune responses against extraintestinal antigens,
including tumor-associated antigens. Indeed, depletion or gross perturbation of the …

Over the last decade, the composition of the gut microbiota has been found to correlate with
the outcomes of cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence points …

Background Despite effective antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV (PWH) experience
persistent systemic inflammation and increased morbidity and mortality. Modulating the gut …

Metabolic derivatives of numerous microorganisms inhabiting the human gut can participate
in physiological activities and immune status of the lungs through the gut-lung axis. The …

Cancer is generally defined as a disease of aging. With aging, the composition, diversity and
functional characteristics of the gut microbiota occur changes, with a decline of beneficial …