Background The aim of this study is to describe the major evolutionary historical events
among Leishmania, sandflies, and the associated animal reservoirs in detail, in accordance …

Euglenozoa is a species-rich group of protists, which have extremely diverse lifestyles and a
range of features that distinguish them from other eukaryotes. They are composed of free …

Progress in the diagnosis of leishmaniases depends on the development of effective
methods and the discovery of suitable biomarkers. We propose firstly an update …

Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites of the class Kinetoplastida predominately
restricted to invertebrate hosts (ie possess a monoxenous life-cycle). However, several …

Kinetoplastid protists offer a unique opportunity for studying the evolution of parasitism.
While all their close relatives are either photo-or phagotrophic, a number of kinetoplastid …

Trypanosomes and leishmanias are widely known parasites of humans. However, they are
just two out of several phylogenetic lineages that constitute the family Trypanosomatidae …

Unicellular flagellates of the family Trypanosomatidae are obligatory parasites of
invertebrates, vertebrates and plants. Dixenous species are aetiological agents of a number …

Background Photosynthetic euglenids are major contributors to fresh water ecosystems.
Euglena gracilis in particular has noted metabolic flexibility, reflected by an ability to thrive in …

The evolution of parasitism is a recurrent event in the history of life and a core problem in
evolutionary biology. Trypanosomatids are important parasites and include the human …

In this review, we summarize the current data on development of monoxenous
trypanosomatids and phytomonads in various insects. Of these, Diptera and Hemiptera are …