Venomics research is being revolutionized by the increased use of sensitive-omics
techniques to identify venom toxins and their transcripts in both well studied and neglected …

Earthworms also known as farmer's friends are natural tillers of soil. They belong to Phylum
Annelida and class Oligochaeta. Acid soils with organic matter and surface humus maintain …

Polymyxin B (PMB) has received widespread attention for its use as a last-line therapy
against multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. However, the consequences of unintended …

The toxic effects of pesticides on earthworms, one of the most important bioindicators in the
terrestrial environment, are closely related to their body burden determined by uptake …

The earthworm Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister, 1843) is a terrestrial pollution sentinel.
Enzyme activity and transcription of phase II detoxification superfamily glutathione …

Background Eisenia fetida, commonly known as red wiggler or compost worm, belongs to
the Lumbricidae family of the Annelida phylum. Little is known about its genome sequence …

Genotoxic effects caused by the exposure to wastes containing metals and radionuclides
were investigated in the European wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus). The animals were …

As sentinel species, earthworms such as Eisenia spp. and Lumbricus spp. have been
considered among the best bioindicators or biomonitors for soil ecosystems owing to their …

Small incremental biological change, winnowed by natural selection over geological time
scales to produce large consequences, was Darwin's singular insight that revolutionized the …

One of the major emerging concerns within ecotoxicology is the effect of environmental
pollutants on epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and …