Global climate variations induce extreme temperatures and significantly decrease crop
production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (mainly cold stress …

To survive under cold temperatures plants must be able to perceive a cold signal and
transduce it into downstream components that induce appropriate defense mechanisms. In …

The phytohormone cytokinin was originally discovered as a regulator of cell division. Later, it
was described to be involved in regulating numerous processes in plant growth and …

Light is important for plants as an energy source and a developmental signal, but it can also
cause stress to plants and modulates responses to stress. Excess and fluctuating light result …

Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity are major environmental factors that limit crop
yields. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress resistance is crucial …

Cold stress is a crucial environmental factor influencing growth and distribution and
possessing yield penalties. To survive in the cold, plants have evolved to use a range of …

Cold stress (CS) affects the survivability, geographical distribution, and yield stability of
crops. Suitable management and agronomic practices can minimize the crop losses …

Melatonin (MT), a ubiquitous signaling molecule, is known to improve plant growth. Its
regulatory function alongside nitric oxide (NO) is known to induce heavy metal (Cd and Pb) …

Environmental factors are the major constraints in sustainable agriculture. WRKY proteins
are a large family of transcription factors (TFs) that regulate various developmental …

Abiotic stresses are important factors affecting plant growth and development and limiting
agricultural production worldwide. Plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to …