Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly followed by
vascular dementia. In addition to clinically diagnosed dementia, cognitive dysfunction has …

Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) comprises three closely related isoforms Akt1,
Akt2 and Akt3 (or PKBα/β/γ respectively). We have a very good understanding of the …

Insulin action is impaired in type 2 diabetes. The functions of the hormone are an integrated
product of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and insulin clearance by receptor …

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) has been shown to correlate with increased
risk of type 2 diabetes. Small, observational studies suggest an action for vitamin D in …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage kidney disease
worldwide, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with both …

Skeletal muscle constitutes the largest insulin‐sensitive tissue in the body and is the primary
site for insulin‐stimulated glucose utilization. Skeletal muscle resistance to insulin is …

Lipid infusion and high fat feeding are established causes of systemic and adipose tissue
insulin resistance. In this study, we treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with a mixture of free fatty …

Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for develo** type 2 diabetes caused by the inability
of insulin-target tissues to respond properly to insulin, and contributes to the morbidity of …

Mounting evidence indicates that elevated intramyocellular triacylglycerol concentrations
are associated with diminished insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. This lipid accumulation …

S6K1, like other serine and threonine kinases activated by insulin (such as mTOR and
PKCζ), has recently been shown to participate in negative feedback mechanisms aimed at …