Aging is associated with the development of disease. Periodontal disease is one of the
many diseases and conditions that increase in prevalence with age. In addition to the …

Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms.
Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to …

Background and objective Periodontitis in diabetic patients is characterized by enhanced
inflammation and aggravated tissue damage in comparison with that in non‐diabetic …

Macrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype (pro‐inflammation) is closely associated
with the destructive phase of periodontal inflammation. Nanoceria is verified to inhibit M1 …

Background Macrophage M1 polarization plays a pivotal role in inflammatory diseases.
Progranulin (PGRN) has potential anti-inflammation action, however, the effect of PGRN on …

Hard tissue repair and regeneration cost hundreds of billions of dollars annually worldwide,
and the need has substantially increased as the population has aged. Hard tissues include …

The discovery of osteoinductivity of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) ceramics has set an enduring
paradigm of conferring biological regenerative activity to materials with carefully designed …

Periodontitis is characterized by the progressive destruction of tooth-supporting alveolar
bone, which is mainly caused by chronic inflammation in response to persistent bacterial …

The regeneration of lost periodontal apparatus in periodontitis treatment remains a clinical
challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of cementum, periodontal ligament and …

Background The inflammation and regeneration process may be accompanied by the shift in
the M1/M2 polarization of macrophages to adapt to extracellular signals. How the …