Most land plants are now known to be ancient polyploids that have rediploidized.
Diploidization involves many changes in genome organization that ultimately restore …

Gene duplication is an important mechanism for acquiring new genes and creating genetic
novelty in organisms. Many new gene functions have evolved through gene duplication and …

The development of multiple chromosome-scale reference genome sequences in many
taxonomic groups has yielded a high-resolution view of the patterns and processes of …

The flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model system for identifying genes
and determining their functions. Here we report the analysis of the genomic sequence of …

C4 photosynthesis is one of the most convergent evolutionary phenomena in the biological
world, with at least 66 independent origins. Evidence from these lineages consistently …

Gene duplication has generally been viewed as a necessary source of material for the origin
of evolutionary novelties, but it is unclear how often gene duplicates arise and how …

The origin of organismal complexity is generally thought to be tightly coupled to the
evolution of new gene functions arising subsequent to gene duplication. Under the classical …

▪ Abstract Changes in ploidy occurred early in the diversification of some animal and plant
lineages and represent an ongoing phenomenon in others. While the prevalence of …

The genome of the japonica subspecies of rice, an important cereal and model monocot,
was sequenced and assembled by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The assembled …

C4 photosynthesis is a series of anatomical and biochemical modifications that concentrate
CO2 around the carboxylating enzyme Rubisco, thereby increasing photosynthetic efficiency …