Abstract In 1973, IL-6 was identified as a soluble factor that is secreted by T cells and is
important for antibody production by B cells. Since its discovery more than 40 years ago, the …

Malnutrition, which encompasses under-and overnutrition, is responsible for an enormous
morbidity and mortality burden globally. Malnutrition results from disordered nutrient …

Changing demographics make it ever more important to understand the modifiable risk
factors for disability and loss of independence with advancing age. For more than two …

Interleukin (IL)‐6 is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions in different tissues and organs.
Skeletal muscle produces and releases significant levels of IL‐6 after prolonged exercise …

Host defenses against pathogens are energetically expensive, leading ecological
immunologists to postulate that they might participate in energetic trade-offs with other …

Background Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most severe subtype of JIA;
treatment options are limited. Interleukin-6 plays a pathogenic role in systemic JIA. Methods …

Background Interleukin-1 is pivotal in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic
arthritis (JIA). We assessed the efficacy and safety of canakinumab, a selective, fully human …

IL (interleukin)-6, which was originally identified as a B-cell differentiation factor, is a
multifunctional cytokine that regulates the immune response, haemopoiesis, the acute …

A large number of changes, distant from the site or sites of inflammation and involving many
organ systems, may accompany inflammation. In 1930 interest was focused on these …

Adipose tissue is a complex, essential, and highly active metabolic and endocrine organ.
Besides adipocytes, adipose tissue contains connective tissue matrix, nerve tissue …