Microrobots are being explored for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, biological
cargo transport, and minimally invasive surgery. However, current efforts largely focus on …

Ultrasound (US) is a biofavorable mechanical wave that has shown practical significance in
biomedical fields. Due to the cavitation effect, sonoluminescence, sonoporation, pyrolysis …

The intricate and delicate anatomy of the brain poses significant challenges for the treatment
of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, precise local drug delivery in …

Nanorobotic manipulation to access subcellular organelles remains unmet due to the
challenge in achieving intracellular controlled propulsion. Intracellular organelles, such as …

Bladder cancer treatment via intravesical drug administration achieves reasonable survival
rates but suffers from low therapeutic efficacy. To address the latter, self-propelled …

Achieving controlled mobility of microparticles in viscous fluids can become pivotal in
biologics, biotechniques, and biomedical applications. The self-assembly, trap**, and …

Due to their small sizes, microrobots are advantageous for accessing hard-to-reach spaces
for delivery and measurement. However, their small sizes also bring challenges in on-board …

Biological microorganisms overcome the Brownian motion at low Reynolds numbers by
utilizing symmetry-breaking mechanisms. Inspired by them, various microrobot locomotion …

Biological cilia play essential roles in self-propulsion, food capture, and cell transportation
by performing coordinated metachronal motions. Experimental studies to emulate the …

Untethered robots in the size range of micro/nano-scale offer unprecedented access to hard-
to-reach areas of the body. In these challenging environments, autonomous task completion …