Synzoochory is the dispersal of seeds by seed-caching animals. The animal partner in this
interaction plays a dual role, acting both as seed disperser and seed predator. We propose …

This study examines the impact of fire incidents on wildlife and habitats in the western oak
forests of Iran (Zagros region). These forests are globally recognized for their exceptional …

Fire is a global disturbance that has a strong influence on biodiversity. Seasonal fires are
common in neotropical savannas of South America, yet few studies have analyzed how the …

In plant–animal interactions, species are commonly labeled as either mutualists or
antagonists, based on the most common, most studied, or most easily observed outcome …

Aim To explore global patterns in spatial aggregations of species richness, vulnerability and
data deficiency for Rodentia and Eulipotyphla. To evaluate the adequacy of existing …

Seed dispersal by frugivorous mammals is crucial for plant reproduction, but anthropogenic
disturbances can disrupt this process. However, there is a lack of research on mammalian …

Anthropogenic activities, such as grazing by domestic animals, are considered drivers of
environmental changes that may influence the structure of interaction networks. The study of …

Question The spatial and temporal dynamics of plant communities in various ecosystems
are shaped by the movements of seeds expressed as different dispersal modes. In desert …

Bauxite mining has been caused severe changes in the natural ecosystems of the Amazon,
but the restoration of these areas is mandatory by federal law in Brazil. The recolonization of …

Animals trade-off predation risk against feeding opportunities and prey species may use
signals or cues of predators to assess predation risk. We analyzed the mesopredators pine …