Synchronization processes in populations of locally interacting elements are the focus of
intense research in physical, biological, chemical, technological and social systems. The …

In a normal human life span, the heart beats about 2–3 billion times. Under diseased
conditions, a heart may lose its normal rhythm and degenerate suddenly into much faster …

Recognition of facial expressions is critical to our appreciation of the social and physical
environment, with separate emotions having distinct facial expressions. Perception of fearful …

Periodically stimulated sensory neurons typically exhibit a kind of “statistical phase locking”
to the stimulus: they tend to fire at a preferred phase of the stimulus cycle, but not at every …

In this review we examined the emerging science of deterministic chaos (nonlinear systems
theory) and its application to selected physiological systems. Although many of the popular …

This paper reports on the application to field measurements of time series methods
developed on the basis of the theory of deterministic chaos. The major difficulties are …

T-wave alternans (TWA) reflects beat-to-beat fluctuations in the electrocardiographic T-
wave, and is associated with dispersion of repolarization and the mechanisms for sudden …

Non-contact and low-cost measurements of heart and respiration rates are highly desirable
for telemedicine. Here, we describe a novel technique to extract blood volume pulse and …

The electrical properties of the mammalian heart undergo many complex transitions in
normal and diseased states,,,,,,. It has been proposed that the normal heartbeat may display …

Recent advances in nonlinear mathematics have led to the development of a science called
“chaos” and its application to biology and cardiology. We discuss the basics of chaotic …