Severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality (short and long term), as well as
pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications. Appropriate diagnosis and early initiation of …

The central role of the microbiome in critical illness is supported by a half century of
experimental and clinical study. The physiological effects of critical illness and the clinical …

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since the initial 1996 American Thoracic Society (ATS) guideline
on nosocomial pneumonia, a number of new developments have appeared, mandating a …

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continues to complicate the course of 8 to 28% of
patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). In contrast to infections of more frequently …

Importance Monitoring of residual gastric volume is recommended to prevent ventilator-
associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients receiving early enteral nutrition. However, studies …

Purpose The purpose was to describe aspiration pneumonia in the context of other lung
infections and aspiration syndromes and to distinguish between the main scenarios …

Patients require mechanical ventilatory support when the ventilatory and/or gas exchange
capabilities of their respiratory system fail. This failure can be the result of processes both …

This report updates, expands, and replaces the previously published CDC" Guideline for
Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia". The new guidelines are designed to reduce the …

Background Risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux and
subsequent aspiration, can be reduced by semirecumbent body position in intensive-care …

Background: Understanding the risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia can help to
assess prognosis and devise and test preventive strategies. Objective: To examine the …