Polarons are quasiparticles that easily form in polarizable materials due to the coupling of
excess electrons or holes with ionic vibrations. These quasiparticles manifest themselves in …

Photocatalysis has been widely applied in various areas, such as solar cells, water splitting,
and pollutant degradation. Therefore, the photochemical mechanisms and basic principles …

Ammonia (NH3) is an essential chemical in modern society. It is currently manufactured by
the Haber–Bosch process using H2 and N2 under extremely high-pressure (> 200 bar) and …

The field of single-atom catalysis (SAC) has expanded greatly in recent years. While there
has been much success develo** new synthesis methods, a fundamental disconnect …

Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been widely applied in various fields, such as
photovoltaic cell, solar water splitting, photocatalytic pollutant degradation, and so on …

The current status of knowledge regarding the surfaces of the iron oxides, magnetite (Fe 3 O
4), maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3), haematite (α-Fe 2 O 3), and wüstite (Fe 1− x O) is reviewed. The …

Recently, defect architectured photocatalysis is proved to be the most versatile choice for
high solar to chemical energy conversion processes. Defect engineering strategies are of …

Oxidation catalysis not only plays a crucial role in the current chemical industry for the
production of key intermediates such as alcohols, epoxides, aldehydes, ketones and organic …

The field of surface science provides a unique approach to understanding bulk, surface and
interfacial phenomena occurring during TiO 2 photocatalysis. This review highlights, from a …

Researchers around the world have observed the formation of molecularly ordered
structures of unknown origin on the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts …