Phanerozoic atmospheric CO2 change: evaluating geochemical and paleobiological approaches

DL Royer, RA Berner, DJ Beerling - Earth-Science Reviews, 2001 - Elsevier
The theory and use of geochemical modeling of the long-term carbon cycle and four paleo-
PCO2 proxies are reviewed and discussed in order to discern the best applications for each …

Stomatal frequency change over altitudinal gradients: prospects for paleoaltimetry

LLR Kouwenberg… - … in Mineralogy and …, 2007 - pubs.geoscienceworld.org
Recently, a novel paleoaltimetry method was presented using leaf stomatal frequency
response to the decline in CO2 partial pressure with altitude, and tested on California black …

Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric CO2 concentration

DL Royer - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2001 - Elsevier
A growing number of studies use the plant species-specific inverse relationship between
atmospheric CO2 concentration and stomatal density (SD) or stomatal index (SI) as a proxy …

Climate forcing due to optimization of maximal leaf conductance in subtropical vegetation under rising CO2

HJ de Boer, EI Lammertsma… - Proceedings of the …, 2011 - National Acad Sciences
Plant physiological adaptation to the global rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration (CO2) is
identified as a crucial climatic forcing. To optimize functioning under rising CO2, plants …

Stomatal control as a driver of plant evolution

M Haworth, C Elliott-Kingston… - Journal of experimental …, 2011 - academic.oup.com
Stomata are the pores on a leaf surface through which plants regulate the uptake of carbon
dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis against the loss of water via transpiration. Turgor changes …

Co-ordination of physiological and morphological responses of stomata to elevated [CO2] in vascular plants

M Haworth, C Elliott-Kingston, JC McElwain - Oecologia, 2013 - Springer
Plant stomata display a wide range of short-term behavioural and long-term morphological
responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO 2]). The diversity of responses …

Stomatal acclimation over a subambient to elevated CO2 gradient in a C3/C4 grassland

H Maherali, CD Reid, HW Polley… - Plant, Cell & …, 2002 - Wiley Online Library
An investigation to determine whether stomatal acclimation to [CO2] occurred in C3/C4
grassland plants grown across a range of [CO2](200–550 µmol mol− 1) in the field was …

Paleoecology, ploidy, paleoatmospheric composition, and developmental biology: a review of the multiple uses of fossil stomata

JC McElwain, M Steinthorsdottir - Plant Physiology, 2017 - academic.oup.com
Paleoecology, Ploidy, Paleoatmospheric Composition, and Developmental Biology: A Review
of the Multiple Uses of Fossil Stomata | Plant Physiology | Oxford Academic Skip to Main …

Century-Scale Shifts in Early Holocene Atmospheric CO2 Concentration

F Wagner, SJP Bohncke, DL Dilcher, WM Kurschner… - Science, 1999 - science.org
The inverse relation between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and stomatal
frequency in tree leaves provides an accurate method for detecting and quantifying century …

Evidence of changing intrinsic water‐use efficiency under rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations in Boreal Fennoscandia from subfossil leaves and tree ring δ13C …

M Gagen, W Finsinger… - Global Change …, 2011 - Wiley Online Library
Investigating the many internal feedbacks within the climate system is a vital component of
the effort to quantify the full effects of future anthropogenic climate change. The stomatal …