Affective computing is one of the most important research fields in modern human–computer
interaction (HCI). The goal of affective computing is to study and develop the theories …

As one of the most comprehensive and objective ways to describe facial expressions, the
Facial Action Coding System (FACS) has recently received significant attention. Over the …

Facial expression recognition is an important research issue in the pattern recognition field.
In this paper, we intend to present a novel framework for facial expression recognition to …

While prior research suggests that facial expression influences consumer behavior, it
remains unclear under which conditions specific emotional expressions on social media …

Facial expressions reflect people's feelings, emotions, and motives, attracting researchers to
develop a self-acting automatic facial expression recognition system. With the advances of …

In recent years, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been widely used to generate
realistic fake face images, which can easily deceive human beings. To detect these images …

In 2000, the Cohn-Kanade (CK) database was released for the purpose of promoting
research into automatically detecting individual facial expressions. Since then, the CK …

Emotion recognition has opened up many challenges, which lead to various advances in
computer vision and artificial intelligence. The rapid development in this field has …

Facial expression recognition (FER) is increasingly gaining importance in various emerging
affective computing applications. In practice, achieving accurate FER is challenging due to …

Facial expression recognition is to determine the emotional state of the face regardless of its
identity. Most of the existing datasets for facial expressions are captured in a visible light …