Insulin and glucagon exert opposing effects on glucose metabolism and, consequently,
pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells are considered functional antagonists. The intra-islet …

The peptide hormone glucagon, discovered in late 1922, is secreted from pancreatic alpha
cells and is an essential regulator of metabolic homeostasis. This review summarises …

Background The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been
increasing rapidly. It is nowadays recognized as the most frequent liver disease, affecting a …

The evolution of glucagon has seen the transition from an impurity in the preparation of
insulin to the development of glucagon receptor agonists for use in type 1 diabetes. In type 2 …

Hundred years after the discovery of glucagon, its biology remains enigmatic. Accurate
measurement of glucagon has been essential for uncovering its pathological hypersecretion …

Unhealthy behaviours, including diet and physical activity, coupled with genetic
predisposition, drive type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurrence and severity; the present review aims …

This review focuses on the human pancreatic islet—including its structure, cell composition,
development, function, and dysfunction. After providing a historical timeline of key …

Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) strongly associate
with increasing body mass index, and together these metabolic diseases affect millions of …

The pancreatic islet is a complex mini organ composed of a variety of endocrine cells and
their support cells, which together tightly control blood glucose homeostasis. Changes in …

Glucagon and insulin are the main regulators of blood glucose. While the actions of insulin
are extensively mapped, less is known about glucagon. Besides glucagon's role in glucose …