Research on electronic devices and materials is currently driven by both the slowing down
of transistor scaling and the exponential growth of computing needs, which make present …

Ising machines are hardware solvers that aim to find the absolute or approximate ground
states of the Ising model. The Ising model is of fundamental computational interest because …

Combinatorial optimization problems belong to the non-deterministic polynomial time (NP)-
hard complexity class, and their computational requirements scale exponentially with …

Unconventional, special-purpose machines may aid in accelerating the solution of some of
the hardest problems in computing, such as large-scale combinatorial optimizations, by …

Coupled oscillators are highly complex dynamical systems, and it is an intriguing concept to
use this oscillator dynamics for computation. The idea is not new, but is currently the subject …

Computers have undergone tremendous improvements in performance over the last 60
years, but those improvements have significantly slowed down over the last decade, owing …

We present a new way to make Ising machines, ie, using networks of coupled self-sustaining
nonlinear oscillators. Our scheme is theoretically rooted in a novel result that establishes …

In this article, we will introduce the basic concept and the quantum feature of a novel
computing system, coherent Ising machines, and describe their theoretical and experimental …

Substantial improvements in computing energy efficiency, by up to ten orders of magnitude,
will be required to solve major computing problems—such as planetary-scale weather …

The relaxation of binary spins to analog values has been the subject of much debate in the
field of statistical physics, neural networks, and more recently quantum computing, notably …