Before menopause, women are protected from atherosclerotic heart disease associated with
obesity relative to men. Sex hormones have been proposed as a mechanism that …

Background Endogenous sex hormones are important for metabolic health in men and
women. Before menopause, women are protected from atherosclerotic cardiovascular …

A higher incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is found in males compared to females.
Young women (18–44 years) with CRC have a better survival outcome compared to men of …

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been recognized now for several decades as playing a
key role in reproduction and exerting functions in numerous nonreproductive tissues. In this …

Inflammatory activation of microglia is a hallmark of several disorders of the central nervous
system. In addition to protecting the brain against inflammatory insults, microglia are …

Steroid hormone receptors mediate numerous crucial biological processes and are
classically thought to function as transcriptional regulators in the nucleus. However, it has …

The liver performs a multitude of bodily functions, whilst retaining the ability to regenerate
damaged tissue. In this review, we discuss sex steroid biology, regulation of mammalian …

The NR superfamily comprises 48 transcription factors in humans that control a plethora of
gene network programs involved in a wide range of physiologic processes. This review will …

Sexual dimorphism is associated not only with somatic and behavioral differences between
men and women, but also with physiological differences reflected in organ metabolism …

Rapid effects of steroid hormones were discovered in the early 1950s, but the subject was
dominated in the 1970s by discoveries of estradiol and progesterone stimulating protein …