Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life
for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that …

Climate change is expected to elicit widespread alterations to nutrient and light supply,
which interact to influence phytoplankton growth and their seasonal cycles. Using 25 years …

Interactions between the upper ocean and air-ice-ocean fluxes in the Southern Ocean play a
critical role in global climate by impacting the overturning circulation and oceanic heat and …

Abstract Changes over the scale of decades in oceanic environments present a range of
challenges for management and utilisation of ocean resources. Here we investigate sources …

Abstract The subpolar Southern Ocean is a critical region where CO2 outgassing influences
the global mean air-sea CO2 flux (FCO2). However, the processes controlling the …

Phytoplankton biomass exhibits substantial year-to-year changes, and understanding these
changes is crucial to fisheries management and projecting future climate. These annual …

We use a suite of eight ocean biogeochemical/ecological general circulation models from
the Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project and Coupled Model Intercomparison …

Ocean surface warming is commonly associated with a more stratified, less productive, and
less oxygenated ocean. Such an assertion is mainly based on consistent projections of …

Ocean stratification and the vertical extent of the mixed layer influence the rate at which the
ocean and atmosphere exchange properties. This process has direct impacts for …

Biological productivity in the Southern Ocean is limited by iron availability. Previous studies
of iron supply have focused on mixed‐layer entrainment and diapycnal fluxes. However, the …