It is a relatively new insight of classical statistics that empirical data can contain information
about causation rather than mere correlation. First algorithms have been proposed that are …

A causal model is an abstract representation of a physical system as a directed acyclic
graph (DAG), where the statistical dependencies are encoded using a graphical criterion …

Despite its enormous empirical success, the formalism of quantum theory still raises
fundamental questions: why is nature described in terms of complex Hilbert spaces, and …

Quantum mechanics and the theory of gravity are presently not compatible. A particular
question is whether gravity causes decoherence. Several models for gravitational …

We investigate practical dense coding by imposing locality restrictions on decoders and
symmetry restrictions on encoders within the resource theory of asymmetry framework. In …

We introduce the concept of entropic nonsignaling correlations, ie, entropies arising from
probabilistic theories that are compatible with the fact that we cannot transmit information …

Many-party correlations between measurement outcomes in general probabilistic theories
are given by conditional probability distributions obeying the nonsignaling condition. We …

We ask how quantum theory compares to more general physical theories from the point of
view of dimension. To do so, we first give two model-independent definitions of the …

We address perfect discrimination of two separable states. When available states are
restricted to separable states, we can theoretically consider a larger class of measurements …

As a modern approach for the foundation of quantum theory, existing studies of general
probabilistic theories gave various models of states and measurements that are quite …