In living organisms, biofilms are defined as complex communities of bacteria residing within
an exopolysaccharide matrix that adheres to a surface. In the clinic, they are typically the …

Biofilm is complex and consists of bacterial colonies that reside in an exopolysaccharide
matrix that attaches to foreign surfaces in a living organism. Biofilm frequently leads to …

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms.
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous …

Bacterial biofilms can cause widespread infection. In addition to causing urinary tract
infections and pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis, biofilms can help …

Background is provided on biofilms, including their formation, tolerance mechanisms,
structure, and morphology within the context of chronic wounds. The features of biofilms in …

Research on how bacteria adapt to changing environments underlies the contemporary
biological understanding of signal transduction (ST), and ST provides the foundation of the …

The majority of current infectious diseases are almost untreatable by conventional antibiotic
therapy given the advent of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The degree of severity and the …

Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, include bloodstream
infections, surgical site infections, skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory tract infections …

Owing to their natural origin and environmental compatibility, interest in microbial surfactants
or biosurfactants has gained attention during last few years. These characteristics fulfill the …

Drug resistance by pathogenic microbes has emerged as a matter of great concern to
mankind. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi employ multiple defense mechanisms …