Exosomes are cell-secreted nanoparticles (generally with a size of 30–150 nm) bearing
numerous biological molecules including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are …

Exosome is a subgroup of extracellular vesicles, which has been serving as an efficient
therapeutic tool for various diseases. Engineered exosomes are the sort of exosomes …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are known to be secreted by a vast majority of cells.
These sEVs, specifically exosomes, induce specific cell-to-cell interactions and can activate …

Intercellular cross talk between cancer cells and stromal and immune cells is essential for
tumor progression and metastasis. Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) are a …

Exosomes (Exos) as drug delivery vehicles have been widely used for cancer
immunotherapy owing to their good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity …

Abstract Exosomes are nanosized (size~ 30–150 nm) natural vesicular structures released
from cells by physiological processes or pathological circumstances. Exosomes are growing …

Cell-based therapies are revolutionizing medicine by replacing or modifying dysfunctional
cells with healthy cells or engineered derivatives, offering disease reversal and cure. One …

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant and incurable disease, characterized by its
aggressive nature and high fatality rate. The most common type is pancreatic ductal …

In recent years, the wide application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the field of
biomedicine has proved its significance in cancer treatment. A variety of nanomaterials are …

Background Immune escape, a process by which tumor cells evade immune surveillance,
remains a challenge for cancer therapy. Tumor cells produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) …