Abstract Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at
least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes …

Krill habitats in the Southern Ocean are impacted by changing climate conditions, reduced
sea ice and rising temperatures. These changes, in turn, affect krill occurrence, physiology …

The effect of Ocean Acidification (OA) on marine biota is quasi-predictable at best. While
perturbation studies, in the form of incubations under elevated pCO2, reveal sensitivities and …

Anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans, causing a
progressive increase in ocean inorganic carbon concentrations and resulting in decreased …

The number of scientists and tourists visiting Antarctica is on the rise and, despite the
management framework for environmental protection, some coastal areas, particularly in the …

Historical harvesting pushed many whale species to the brink of extinction. Although most
Southern Hemisphere populations are slowly recovering, the influence of future climate …

Several recent climate impact assessments on polar regions have been undertaken,
including the synthesis report on Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (AMAP …

Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

The fishery for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is the largest by tonnage in the Southern
Ocean. The catch remained relatively stable at around 120 000 tonnes for 17 years until …

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (hereafter 'krill') occur in regions undergoing rapid
environmental change, particularly loss of winter sea ice. During recent years, harvesting of …