G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven transmembrane proteins that form the
largest single family of integral membrane receptors. GPCRs transduce information provided …

G protein–coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) constitute a family of six mammalian
serine/threonine protein kinases that phosphorylate agonist-bound, or activated, G protein …

The Ras-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways by many
receptors coupled to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) …

THE ability of a system to regulate its responsiveness in the presence of a continuous
stimulus, often termed desensitization, has been extensively characterized for the β2 …

Visual arrestin, βarrestin1, and βarrestin2 comprise a family of intracellular proteins that
desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In addition, βarrestin1 and βarrestin2 …

β-Arrestins are proteins that bind phosphorylated heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G
protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and contribute to the desensitization of GPCRs by …

▪ Abstract G protein–coupled receptors (GPRs) play a key role in controlling hormonal
regulation of numerous second-messenger pathways. However, following agonist activation …

Of the many forms of GPCR1 regulation none has received as much attention as the process
of receptor desensitization, ie the waning responsiveness of the receptors in the face of …

Resensitization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) following agonist-mediated
desensitization is a necessary step for maintaining physiological responsiveness. However …

Cross-talk between the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and immune system is vital for
health and well-being. Infection, tissue injury and inflammation raise firing rates of …