Antibiotics do not differentiate between good and bad germs, disrupting normal microflora
and causing vitamin deficiency in the human body. They also kill healthy bacteria in the gut …

During the last years probiotics gained the attention of clinicians for their use in the
prevention and treatment of multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms of action …

Gut microbiota is a microecosystem composed of various microorganisms. It plays an
important role in human metabolism, and its metabolites affect different tissues and organs …

The skin and its microbiota serve as physical barriers to prevent invasion of pathogens. Skin
damage can be a consequence of illness, surgery, and burns. The most effective wound …

A significant rise in the occurrence and severity of adverse reactions to several synthetic
drugs has fueled considerable interest in natural product‐based therapeutics. In humans …

The human microbiota refers to a large variety of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, and
fungi) that live in different human body sites, including the gut, oral cavity, skin, and eyes. In …

Abstract The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) imposed public health emergency and
affected millions of people around the globe. As of January 2021, 100 million confirmed …

Using metagenomics, continuing evidence has elicited how intestinal microbiota trigger
distant autoimmunity. Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that
ultimately leads to joint destruction and functional disability. Although the exact etiology of …

Introduction Gut microbiota produces thousands of metabolites, which have a huge impact
on the host health. Specific microbial strains are able to synthesize histamine, a molecule …