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The contributory roles of vitamin D in ocular and visual health have long been discussed,
with numerous studies pointing to the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency. In this paper …

Abstract The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of
Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic …

Importance During the outbreak of COVID-19, outdoor activities were limited and digital
learning increased. Concerns have arisen regarding the impact of these environmental …

Refractive errors, including myopia, are the most frequent eye disorders worldwide and an
increasingly common cause of blindness. This genome-wide association meta-analysis in …

Myopia is one of the leading ocular disorders causing visual impairment worldwide, with the
prevalence increasing rapidly. It's a significant global public health concern in 21st century …

Refractive errors are the product of a mismatch between the axial length of the eye and its
optical power, creating blurred vision. Uncorrected refractive errors are the second leading …

The global prevalence of myopia, or nearsightedness, has increased at an alarming rate
over the last few decades. An eye is myopic if incoming light focuses prior to reaching the …

Myopia is the most common eye condition leading to visual impairment and is greatly
influenced by genetics. Over the last two decades, more than 400 associated gene loci have …

In the nineteenth century, the prevalence of myopia began to rise, and Cohn stressed the
role of education. Later, based on twin studies, Sorsby argued that refraction was almost …