Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of eukaryotic cells. Energy production occurs in
specific dynamic membrane invaginations in the inner mitochondrial membrane called …

Systematically dissecting the molecular basis of the cell surface as well as its related
biological activities is considered as one of the most cutting-edge fields in fundamental …

Cholesterol is a central building block in biomembranes, where it induces orientational
order, slows diffusion, renders the membrane stiffer, and drives domain formation. Molecular …

The function of many bacterial processes depends on the formation of functional membrane
microdomains (FMMs), which resemble the lipid rafts of eukaryotic cells. However, the …

The formation of membrane vesicles is a common feature in all eukaryotes. Lipid rafts are
the best-studied example of membrane domains for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and …

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy offers powerful means to uncover
the functional organization of proteins in the plasma membrane with very high spatial and …

Misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are removed through a process known
as ER-associated degradation (ERAD). ERAD occurs through an integral membrane protein …

As the central hub in the secretory and endocytic pathways, the Golgi apparatus continually
receives the flow of cargos and serves as a major processing station in the cell. Due to its …

Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint
for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be …

Discoidal lipid-protein nanoparticles known as nanodiscs are widely used tools in structural
and membrane biology. Amphipathic, synthetic copolymers have recently become an …