Microrobots have attracted the attention of scientists owing to their unique features to
accomplish tasks in hard-to-reach sites in the human body. Microrobots can be precisely …

Swarms, which stem from collective behaviors among individual elements, are commonly
seen in nature. Since two decades ago, scientists have been attempting to understand the …

Micro-nano biorobots based on bacteria have demonstrated great potential for tumor
diagnosis and treatment. The bacterial gene expression and drug release should be …

Bacterial biohybrids, composed of self-propelling bacteria carrying micro/nanoscale
materials, can deliver their payload to specific regions under magnetic control, enabling …

Untethered microrobots have attracted extensive attention due to their potential for
biomedical applications and micromanipulation at the small scale. Soft microrobots are of …

Biohybrid bacteria–based microrobots are increasingly recognized as promising externally
controllable vehicles for targeted cancer therapy. Magnetic fields in particular have been …

Autonomous micro/nanorobots capable of performing programmed missions are at the
forefront of next-generation micromachinery. These small robotic systems are predominantly …

Stimuli-responsive functional micro-/nanorobots (srFM/Ns) are a class of intelligent, efficient,
and promising microrobots that can react to external stimuli (such as temperature, light …

Microrobots driven by multiple propelling forces hold great potential for noninvasively
targeted delivery in the physiologic environment. However, the remotely collective …

Despite its clinical success, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T)‐cell immunotherapy
remains limited in solid tumors, owing to the harsh physical barriers and …