Genetic mutations and abnormal gene regulation are key mechanisms underlying
tumorigenesis. Nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wrapped around histone cores …

The onset of heart failure is typically preceded by cardiac hypertrophy, a response of the
heart to increased workload, a cardiac insult such as a heart attack or genetic mutation …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are part of a vast family of enzymes that have crucial roles in
numerous biological processes, largely through their repressive influence on transcription …

The mammalian heart is a dynamic organ that can grow and change to accommodate
alterations in its workload. During development and in response to physiological stimuli or …

Valproic acid is widely used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and is also a potent
teratogen, but its mechanisms of action in any of these settings are unknown. We report that …

The fact that histones are modified by acetylation has been known for almost 30 years. The
recent identification of enzymes that regulate histone acetylation has revealed a broader use …

Members of the myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors associate
with myogenic basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors such as MyoD to activate skeletal …

Skeletal muscle is comprised of heterogeneous muscle fibers that differ in their physiological
and metabolic parameters. It is this diversity that enables different muscle groups to provide …

Conjugation of the small ubiquitin-like modifier SUMO-1/SMT3C/Sentrin-1 to proteins in vitro
is dependent on a heterodimeric E1 (SAE1/SAE2) and an E2 (Ubc9). Although SUMO …

The DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 is responsible for cytosine methylation in mammals and
has a role in gene silencing 1, 2, 3, 4. DNA methylation represses genes partly by …