Soil flooding creates composite and complex stress in plants known as either submergence
or waterlogging stress depending on the depth of the water table. In nature, these stresses …

Propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) is the enzyme which catalyzes the carboxylation of
propionyl-CoA to methylmalonyl-CoA and is encoded by the genes PCCA and PCCB to form …

The functions of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, boron, and chlorine in
plants are discussed. Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in redox systems in cells and various …

Highlights•Screening efforts have revealed enzymes with over 100 promiscuous
activities.•High-throughput screening for promiscuous activities can be accomplished in …

Improving the ability of plants and plant-associated organisms to fix and assimilate
atmospheric nitrogen has inspired plant biotechnologists for decades, not only to alleviate …

Molybdenum, a trace element essential for micro-organisms, plants, and animals, was
discovered in 1778 by a Swedish chemist named Karl Scheele. Initially mistaken for lead …

In this review, we untangle the physiological key functions of the essential micronutrients
and link them to the deficiency responses in plants. Knowledge of these responses at the …

Mononuclear molybdoenzymes are highly versatile catalysts that occur in organisms in all
domains of life, where they mediate essential cellular functions such as energy generation …

Nitric oxide is a gaseous secondary messenger that is critical for proper cell signaling and
plant survival when exposed to stress. Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in plants, under standard …

Molybdenum is an essential trace element for human health and survival, with molybdenum-
containing enzymes catalysing multiple reactions in the metabolism of purines, aldehydes …