To a large extent, cancer conforms to evolutionary rules defined by the rates at which clones
mutate, adapt and grow. Next-generation sequencing has provided a snapshot of the …

Clinical and laboratory studies over recent decades have established branched evolution as
a feature of cancer. However, while grounded in somatic selection, several lines of evidence …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Here we
analysed 1,644 tumour regions sampled at surgery or during follow-up from the first 421 …

The observation and analysis of intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH), particularly in genomic
studies, has advanced our understanding of the evolutionary forces that shape cancer …

Chromosomal instability in cancer consists of dynamic changes to the number and structure
of chromosomes,. The resulting diversity in somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) may …

Subclonal reconstruction from bulk tumor DNA sequencing has become a pillar of cancer
evolution studies, providing insight into the clonality and relative ordering of mutations and …

Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a mechanism of therapeutic resistance and therefore an
important clinical challenge. However, the extent, origin, and drivers of ITH across cancer …

With the burgeoning use of immune-based treatments for cancer, never has there been a
greater need to understand the tumour microenvironment within which immune cells …

Tumours vary in gene expression programmes and genetic alterations. Understanding this
diversity and its biological meaning requires a theoretical framework, which could in turn …

Over half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases diagnosed worldwide are in China,–.
However, whole-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC in Chinese …