Collagen is the oldest and most abundant extracellular matrix protein that has found many
applications in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. First, an overview …

The treatment of peripheral nerve defects has always been one of the most challenging
clinical practices in neurosurgery. Currently, nerve autograft is the preferred treatment …

Tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) have emerged as a potential alternative to
autologous nerve grafts, the gold standard for peripheral nerve repair. Typically, TENGs are …

Due to the complex structural hierarchy and regenerative microenvironment of peripheral
nerves, develo** a nerve guidance conduit (NGC) that can replace autografts for repairing …

Autologous nerve transplantation, which is the gold standard for clinical treatment of
peripheral nerve injury, still has many limitations. In this study, aligned chitosan fiber …

Methods in nerve tissue engineering for peripheral nerve regeneration have recently
focused on the application of rapid three-dimensional (3D) printing with resorbable and …

In recent decades, artificial nerve scaffolds have become a promising substitute for
peripheral nerve repair. Considerable efforts have been devoted to improving the …

Repairing peripheral nerve injury, especially long-range defects of thick nerves, is a great
challenge in the clinic due to their limited regeneration capability. Most FDA-approved nerve …

Microsurgical techniques for the treatment of large peripheral nerve injuries (such as the
gold standard autograft) and its main clinically approved alternative—hollow nerve guidance …

In peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) with substance loss, where tensionless end-to-end suture
is not achievable, the positioning of a graft is required. Available options include autografts …