Using Pacific benthic foraminiferal δ18O and Mg/Ca records, we derive a Cenozoic (66 Ma)
global mean sea level (GMSL) estimate that records evolution from an ice-free Early Eocene …

Abstract The East Antarctic Ice Sheet contains the vast majority of Earth's glacier ice (about
52 metres sea-level equivalent), but is often viewed as less vulnerable to global warming …

2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Abstract The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean warming in the twenty-first century to
less than 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, and to promote further efforts to limit …

Working Group I (WGI) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assesses
the current evidence on the physical science of climate change, evaluating knowledge …

Human development has ushered in an era of converging crises: climate change, ecological
destruction, disease, pollution, and socioeconomic inequality. This review synthesizes the …

Designing policy for climate change requires analyses which integrate the interrelationship
between the economy and environment, including: the immense risks and impacts on …

Designing policy for climate change requires analyses which integrate the interrelationship
between the economy and the environment. We argue that, despite their dominance in the …

Marine ice sheets are highly sensitive to submarine melting in their grounding zones, where
they transition between grounded and floating ice. Recently published studies of the …

The Piacenzian stage of the Pliocene (2.6 to 3.6 Ma) is the most recent past interval of
sustained global warmth with mean global temperatures markedly higher (by~ 2–3° C) than …