Interleukin-6 is an inflammatory cytokine with wide-ranging biological effects. It has been
widely demonstrated that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the development of …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation and degeneration contributes significantly to low back
pain (LBP), of which the molecular pathogenesis is not fully understood. Disc herniation may …

Low back pain (LBP), frequently associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a
major public health concern. LBP is currently managed by pharmacological treatments and …

Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal symptom, which can be developed in
multiple clinical diseases. It is widely recognized that intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration …

As our understanding of the physiopathology of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has
improved, novel therapeutic strategies have emerged, based on the local injection of cells …

Chronic pain is a maladaptive condition affecting 7%− 10% of the population worldwide and
can be accompanied by depression, anxiety, and insomnia. In particular, chronic pain is …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has been associated with low back pain, which is a
major musculoskeletal disorder and socio-economic problem that affects as many as 600 …

Background Neuropathic pain is a challenging condition often refractory to existing
therapies. An increasing number of studies have indicated that the immune system plays a …

Presently, the clinical treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) remains
challenging, but the strategy of simultaneously overcoming the overactive inflammation and …

Background: Active discopathy is associated with a specific phenotype of chronic low back
pain (LBP). Local inflammation has a role in active discopathy–associated symptoms …