Recent years have seen increased interest in phylogenetic comparative analyses of
multivariate data sets, but to date the varied proposed approaches have not been …

We developed a linear-time algorithm applicable to a large class of trait evolution models,
for efficient likelihood calculations and parameter inference on very large trees. Our …

Phylogenetic signal is the tendency for closely related species to display similar trait values
due to their common ancestry. Several methods have been developed for quantifying …

We present mvmorph, a package of multivariate phylogenetic comparative methods for the r
statistical environment. mvmorph is freely available on the cran package repository …

Phylogenetic methods for the analysis of species data are widely used in evolutionary
studies. However, preliminary data transformations and data reduction procedures (such as …

Quantifying integration and modularity of evolutionary changes in morphometric traits is
crucial for understanding how organismal shapes evolve. For this purpose, comparative …

Modularity is now generally recognized as a fundamental feature of organisms, one that may
have profound consequences for evolution. Modularity has recently become a major focus of …

A recent advance in the phylogenetic comparative analysis of continuous traits has been
explicit, model-based measurement of “phylogenetic signal” in data sets composed of …

Comparison is fundamental to evolutionary anthropology. When scientists study
chimpanzee cognition, for example, they compare chimp performance on cognitive tasks to …

Most existing methods for modeling trait evolution are univariate, although researchers are
often interested in investigating evolutionary patterns and processes across multiple traits …