Methods for the assessment of ecological risks associated with exposure to defined mixtures
of toxicants are reviewed and formalized for single‐species toxicity. Depending on the …

The productivist model implemented after the second world war has succeeded in improving
production to meet growing demands for food, but it has also deeply affected soil …

Summary 1 The efficiency of agricultural subsidy programmes for preserving biodiversity
and improving the environment has been questioned in recent years. Organic farming …

Robert H. Whittaker defined beta diversity as the variation in species composition among
sites in a geographic area. Beta diversity is a key concept for understanding the functioning …

Organic farming may contribute substantially to future agricultural production worldwide by
improving soil quality and pest control, thereby reducing environmental impacts of …

Nematodes are the most diverse and highly significant group of soil-inhabiting
microorganisms that play a vital role in organic material decomposition and nutrient …

Human societies rely on the vast diversity of benefits provided by nature, such as food,
fibres, construction materials, clean water, clean air and climate regulation. All the elements …

A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in
The Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and …

Microbial communities are integral parts of soil and their activity is very important to the
functioning of soil. Therefore, microorganisms should be included in soil quality …

The factors regulating the structure of food webs are a central focus of community and
ecosystem ecology, as trophic interactions among species have important impacts on …