The vertebrate stress response helps animals respond to environmental dangers such as
predators or storms. An important component of the stress response is glucocorticoid (GC) …

When stimuli from the environment are perceived to be a threat or potential threat then
animals initiate stress responses, with activation of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis …

While the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) response to stress appears to be
conserved in vertebrates, the manner in which it is activated and its actions vary. We …

Glucocorticoids have a wide array of actions in vertebrates. Daily fluctuations in basal levels
of glucocorticoids are thought to regulate homeostatic mechanisms. In contrast, elevated …

Male and female redpolls (Acanthis flammea) showed marked increases in circulating
corticosterone up to 1 hour after exposure to a common stress—capture, handling and …

We examined possible mechanisms underlying seasonal stress modulation in Lapland
longspurs (Calcarius lapponicus), a species that breeds and molts (the energetically costly …

Amphibian biology is intricate, and there are many inter‐related factors that need to be
understood before establishing successful Conservation Breeding Programs (CBPs) …

Seasonal changes in corticosterone metabolism have been implicated in the migratory
physiology of passerines. To investigate how this hormone might relate to migratory …

Free-living snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis) and Lapland longspurs (Calcarius
lapponicus) showed marked increases in circulating corticosterone up to 1 hr post-capture …

Several studies on free-living birds have shown a change in corticosterone secretion
(elevated baseline levels and a reduced corticosterone response to stress) during migration …