Bacterial exopolysaccharides: biosynthesis pathways and engineering strategies

J Schmid, V Sieber, B Rehm - Frontiers in microbiology, 2015 - frontiersin.org
Bacteria produce a wide range of exopolysaccharides which are synthesized via different
biosynthesis pathways. The genes responsible for synthesis are often clustered within the …

Current advances in the biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid with variable molecular weights

Y Qiu, Y Ma, Y Huang, S Li, H Xu, E Su - Carbohydrate polymers, 2021 - Elsevier
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally formed acidic mucopolysaccharide, with excellent
moisturising properties and used widely in the medicine, cosmetics, and food industries. The …

Three isoforms of mammalian hyaluronan synthases have distinct enzymatic properties

N Itano, T Sawai, M Yoshida, P Lenas, Y Yamada… - Journal of Biological …, 1999 - jbc.org
Three mammalian hyaluronan synthase genes, HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3, have recently
been cloned. In this study, we characterized and compared the enzymatic properties of …

Microbial hyaluronic acid production

BF Chong, LM Blank, R Mclaughlin… - Applied microbiology and …, 2005 - Springer
Abstracts Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a commercially valuable medical biopolymer increasingly
produced through microbial fermentation. Viscosity limits product yield and the focus of …

Production of specific-molecular-weight hyaluronan by metabolically engineered Bacillus subtilis 168

P **, Z Kang, P Yuan, G Du, J Chen - Metabolic engineering, 2016 - Elsevier
Low-molecular-weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA) has attracted much attention because of its
many potential applications. Here, we efficiently produced specific LMW-HAs from sucrose …

The roles of hyaluronan in kidney development, physiology and disease

TJ Rabelink, G Wang, J van der Vlag… - Nature Reviews …, 2024 - nature.com
The hyaluronan (HA) matrix in the tissue microenvironment is crucial for maintaining
homeostasis by regulating inflammatory signalling, endothelial–mesenchymal transition and …

Hyaluronan synthases: fascinating glycosyltransferases from vertebrates, bacterial pathogens, and algal viruses

PL DeAngelis - Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences CMLS, 1999 - Springer
Hyaluronan (or hyaluronic acid or hyaluronate; HA) is a polysaccharide found in the
extracellular matrix of vertebrate tissues and in the surface coating of certain Streptococcus …

Metabolic engineering to enhance heterologous production of hyaluronic acid in Bacillus subtilis

AW Westbrook, X Ren, J Oh, M Moo-Young… - Metabolic …, 2018 - Elsevier
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high-value biopolymer that is produced in large scales using
attenuated strains ofgroup C streptococci. However, due to the pathogenicity and fastidious …

Intracellular hyaluronan: Importance for cellular functions

SS Skandalis, T Karalis, P Heldin - Seminars in cancer biology, 2020 - Elsevier
Hyaluronan-rich matrices are abundant in ECM and are involved in biological processes,
such as cell growth and migration. Hyaluronan is synthesized by the hyaluronan synthase …

Hyaluronan synthase: the mechanism of initiation at the reducing end and a pendulum model for polysaccharide translocation to the cell exterior

PH Weigel - International Journal of Cell Biology, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
Hyaluronan (HA) biosynthesis has been studied for over six decades, but our understanding
of the biochemical details of how HA synthase (HAS) assembles HA is still incomplete. Class …