RNA silencing is a well-established antiviral immunity system in plants, in which small RNAs
guide Argonaute proteins to targets in viral RNA or DNA, resulting in virus repression. Virus …

Global warming causes a range of negative impacts on plants especially due to rapid
changes in temperatures, alterations of rainfall patterns, floods or drought conditions, and …

A contribution of DNA methylation to defense against invading nucleic acids and
maintenance of genome integrity is uncontested; however, our understanding of the extent …

Since their serendipitous discovery in nematodes, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as
key regulators of biological processes in animals. These small RNAs form complex networks …

Since the discovery of eukaryotic small RNAs as the main effectors of RNA interference in
the late 1990s, diverse types of endogenous small RNAs have been characterized, most …

Small RNAs are short non-coding RNAs with a length ranging between 20 and 24
nucleotides. Of these, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a distinct role in plant development …

Each year, 20%–40% of crops are lost due to plant pests and pathogens. Existing plant
disease management relies predominantly on toxic pesticides that are potentially harmful to …

Topical application of pathogen-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for virus resistance
in plants represents an attractive alternative to transgenic RNA interference (RNAi) …

Recurrent heat stress and pathogen invasion seriously threaten crop production, and abiotic
stress often antagonizes biotic stress response against pathogens. However, the molecular …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous, tiny, non-coding RNAs, are master regulators
of gene expression among most eukaryotes. Intracellular miRNA abundance is regulated …