Ciliates are a highly divergent group of unicellular eukaryotes with separate somatic and
germline genomes found in distinct dimorphic nuclei. This characteristic feature is tightly …

The striatin-interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAK) complex is a highly conserved
eukaryotic protein complex that was recently described for diverse animal and fungal …

Unicellular eukaryotes represent tremendous evolutionary diversity. However, the molecular
mechanisms underlying this diversity remain largely unexplored, partly due to a limitation of …

Ciliates belong to a monophyletic group of unicellular eukaryotes within the Alveolate
branch (1). The species that have been used as model organisms are free‐living organisms …

The highly motile and versatile protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma brucei undergoes a
complex life cycle in the tsetse fly. Here we introduce the host insect as an expedient model …

Selenium is an essential micronutrient but at high concentrations can produce severe
cytotoxicity and genomic damage. We have evaluated the cytotoxicity, ultrastructural and …

Abstract Cobalt (Co) and Nickel (Ni) are increasingly found in our environment. We analysed
their combined toxicity and uptake mechanisms in the early food chain by studying bacteria …

Proteases play essential roles in protein degradation, protein processing, and extracellular
matrix remodeling in all cell types and tissues. They are also involved in protein turnover for …

Chromosomes are well-organized carriers of genetic information in eukaryotes and are
usually quite long, carrying hundreds and thousands of genes. Intriguingly, a clade of single …

Abstract The First Principles for Physiology originated in and emanate from the unicellular
state of life. Viewing physiology as a continuum from unicellular to multicellular organisms …