The existence of mantle plumes was first proposed in the 1970s to explain intra-plate,
hotspot volcanism, yet owing to difficulties in resolving mantle upwellings with geophysical …

The geographic distributions of marine species are changing rapidly, with leading range
edges following climate poleward, deeper, and in other directions and trailing range edges …

Global warming threatens marine biota with losses of unknown severity. Here, we quantify
global and local extinction risks in the ocean across a range of climate futures on the basis …

The temporal link between large igneous province (LIP) eruptions and at least half of the
major extinctions of the Phanerozoic implies that large scale volcanism is the main driver of …

This article provides a brief introduction to the physical science of climate change, aimed
towards economists. We begin by describing the physics that controls global climate, how …

Biotic interactions drive key ecological and evolutionary processes and mediate ecosystem
responses to climate change. The direction, frequency, and intensity of biotic interactions …

The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe loss of marine and terrestrial biota in
the last 542 My. Understanding its cause and the controls on extinction/recovery dynamics …

Global warming and local eutrophication simultaneously lower oxygen (O2) saturation and
increase biological O2 demands to cause deoxygenation. Tropical shallow waters, and their …

INTRODUCTION Climate change triggered by volcanic greenhouse gases is hypothesized
to have caused the largest mass extinction in Earth's history at the end of the Permian Period …

Anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans, causing a
progressive increase in ocean inorganic carbon concentrations and resulting in decreased …