Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

Anoxic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process for
wastewater treatment. However, the unstable nitrite supply and residual nitrate in the …

This article describes the new Earth system model (ESM), the Model for Interdisciplinary
Research on Climate, Earth System version 2 for Long-term simulations (MIROC-ES2L) …

Coastal eutrophication and hypoxia remain a persistent environmental crisis despite the
great efforts to reduce nutrient loading and mitigate associated environmental damages …

PISCES-v2 is a biogeochemical model which simulates the lower trophic levels of marine
ecosystem (phytoplankton, microzooplankton and mesozooplankton) and the …

To early explorers and fishermen, the ocean seemed to be limitless, teeming with vast
quantities of fish and other food organisms. However, as people got to know the ocean …

Oxygen loss in the ocean, termed deoxygenation, is a major consequence of climate change
and is exacerbated by other aspects of global change. An average global loss of 2% or more …

This paper contrasts the natural and anthropogenic controls on the conversion of unreactive
N 2 to more reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr). A variety of data sets are used to construct global …

The deep sea is often viewed as a vast, dark, remote, and inhospitable environment, yet the
deep ocean and seafloor are crucial to our lives through the services that they provide. Our …

Nitrogen (N) is a key element for life in the oceans. It controls primary productivity in many
parts of the global ocean, consequently playing a crucial role in the uptake of atmospheric …