The oldest known seep deposits with macroinvertebrate taxa are Devonian in age. Although
more and more examples continue to be discovered, the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic record of …

Marine authigenic carbonates form shallow-water microbialites, mud mounds, and
hydrocarbon-seep deposits and contain appreciable amounts of trace elements that yield …

Hydrocarbon seeps and hydrothermal vents are now known to be common at continental
margins and oceanic spreading centers worldwide, exuding fluids rich in CH4 and H2S, and …

The Earth's most severe glaciations are thought to have occurred about 600 million years
ago, in the late Neoproterozoic era,. A puzzling feature of glacial deposits from this interval is …

Marine carbonate precipitation occurs in three basic modes: abiotic (or quasi-abiotic),
biotically induced, and biotically controlled. On a geologic scale, these precipitation modes …

Abstract The 3-to 5-m-thick Doushantuo cap carbonate in south China overlies the
glaciogenic Nantuo Formation (ca. 635 Ma) and consists of laterally persistent, thinly …

Since their discovery in 1977, hydrothermal vent communities have provided many surprises
about life in the deep sea and in extreme environments. It has been suggested that vent …

Seep carbonates, formed by the synergistic metabolism of methane oxidizing archaea
(MOA) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), have been found in many places worldwide but …

Anaerobic oxidation of methane in anoxic sediments at cold seeps often leads to formation
of authigenic carbonates close to the seafloor along continental margins. Recent work …

Abstract Abiotic, Bioinduced and Biocontrolled carbonates are process-based sediment
categories. They successively reflect increasing levels of biotic control over carbonate …