Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting
cortisol biosynthesis. Reduced activity of an enzyme required for cortisol production leads to …

In brief The syndrome of preterm labor comprises multiple established and novel etiologies.
This review summarizes the distinct immune mechanisms implicated in preterm labor and …

Pregnancy is a unique type of immunological process. Healthy pregnancy is associated with
a series of inflammatory events: implantation (inflammation), gestation (anti-inflammation) …

One of the main functions of mitochondria is production of ATP for cellular energy needs,
however, it becomes more recognized that mitochondria are involved in differentiation and …

Autoimmune diseases are a range of diseases in which the immune response to self-
antigens results in damage or dysfunction of tissues. Autoimmune diseases can be systemic …

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved ducts, one of which can form the
uterus and Fallopian tubes, and the other the male internal genital plumbing: the …

Memory for antigen is a defining feature of adaptive immunity. Antigen-specific lymphocyte
populations show an increase in number and function after antigen encounter and more …

Despite long-standing interest in the role of sex on human development, the functional
consequences of fetal sex on early development are not well-understood. Here we explore …

Immunological identity is traditionally defined by genetically encoded antigens, with equal
maternal and paternal contributions as a result of Mendelian inheritance. However, vertically …

We have developed a real-time quantitative PCR assay to measure the concentration of fetal
DNA in maternal plasma and serum. Our results show that fetal DNA is present in high …