Parkinson disease is the second-most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects 2–
3% of the population≥ 65 years of age. Neuronal loss in the substantia nigra, which causes …

The differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes is considered one of the most
challenging in neurology and error rates in the clinical diagnosis can be high even at …

Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical Parkinsonian syndromes are progressive
heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases that share clinical characteristic of …

Two centuries ago in 1817, James Parkinson provided the first medical description of
Parkinson's disease, later refined by Jean-Martin Charcot in the mid-to-late 19th century to …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other disorders,
particularly in the early stages of the disease. An autonomic-only presentation can be …

Background Development of valid, non-invasive biomarkers for parkinsonian syndromes is
crucially needed. We aimed to assess whether non-invasive diffusion-weighted MRI can …

Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) uses a three‐compartment
model to probe brain tissue microstructure, whereas free‐water (FW) imaging models two …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by a variable combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar impairment, and autonomic …

Abstract Neuroimaging using the 7-Tesla (7T) human magnetic resonance (MR) system is
rapidly gaining popularity after being approved for clinical use in the European Union and …

MRI has been used to develop biomarkers for movement disorders such as Parkinson
disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders with parkinsonism such as progressive …